Horror Story Essay Example

Horror Story Essay A Comparison Of The Bodysnatcher and The Blood Bay. How Do The Two Writers Create Different Styles Of Horror Story? The Bodysnatcher, written by R. L Stevenson, was originally published in 1878. The Blood Bay written by Annie Proulx, was first published in 1999, over one hundred years after The Bodysnatcher. Set in Debenham, Kent, The Bodysnatcher begins at its end, with its characters considerably aged compared to the main part of the story. Edinburgh is where the story takes place, a setting which had previously been the city in which Burke and Hares infamous bodysnatching had taken place, upon which this story is based. The Blood Bay was set solely in Wyoming, Texas during the years 1886-87. In this short-story, Annie Proulx portrays horror not only through the evilness of the characters but through animal nasties as well. R. L Stevenson was well known for his plagued sleep and it is thought that the horror which he experienced during his unconsciousness provided the inspiration for The Bodysnatcher. This horror story also has human nasties, however contains strong psychological components in the shape of Grays apparent resurrection. The Blood Bay uses aspects of black comedy to produce an atmosphere of horror whereas R. L Stevenson uses descriptive writing technique to create tension. The evil acts carried out in The Bodysnatcher are predominantly set during hours of darkness, it was bitter cold, windy, and frosty; the town had not yet awakened This gives the reader an impression of mystery, subtly in itself creating a sensation of horror. R. L Stevenson also uses many different contrasts to emphasise the feeling behind each setting, by the warm radiance of the bar-room window. The George thus brightly advertised itself to passers-by in the cold street. We will write a custom essay sample on Horror Story specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Horror Story specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Horror Story specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This description shows the audience how inviting The George appears to the public outside on the winter evening, creating the feeling of welcoming warmth and hospitality. R. L Stevenson also incorporates the weather to add to the sensation of horror, the incessant, strident pouring of the rain. It was pitch dark The phrase incessant, strident intelligently compares the weather to a harsh voice calling out, one which doesnt stop and as the reader, I instantly felt tension. The atmosphere is clearly set with this quote and I believe that the vivid description enhances the emotion felt by the reader. The author also cleverly mentions the fact that the scene is again in darkness which automatically creates fear and tension. Annie Proulx however uses completely different techniques to create the horror genre in her short-story, The Blood Bay. The Winter of 1886-87 was terrible. Every goddamn history of the high plains says so. This quote is the first two lines from the story and informs the reader immediately of the season and the years in which this story is set. One similarity between this story and The Bodysnatcher is that they both take place during winter months. By describing winter in such a way, the author cleverly injects a feel of tension, leaving the reader in wonderment of what is to happen. Blizzards and freeze-eye cold followed, the gaunt bodies of cattle piling up in draws and coulees. This metaphor freeze-eye cold gruesomely creates horror as one can clearly imagine it in reality. With its involvement of death, this quote blatantly sends out a message of fear to the reader and it is my opinion that this statement lays the foundations of horror in this story. One obvious difference in comparing these two stories is time. Where in R. L Stevensons short story the evil events for the most part occur during the night, Annie Proulx chooses daytime for the same theme. Sheets pulled out a Bowie knife and sawed through Montanas shins and lost most of the daylight getting them out. For me, as the reader, this daytime is not as effective at creating the horror atmosphere as evil scenes during the night. Annie Proulxs techniques are completely contrasting to those used by R. L Stevenson. In fact, the more relaxed scenes in The Blood Bay are set in hours of darkness. It was a fine evening, eating, drinking and playing cards It is my belief that in a horror story, this technique is not successful in creating the fear needed for this particular genre. However, Dirt Sheets was apparently eaten during the night. Seen as though Old Man Grices discovery was in the morning, up with the sun something that looked like a mans foot. It is my opinion that this does not add to the feeling of horror. Also the fact that the reader is well aware of who the feet actually belong to, fails to create tension. Sheets set his trophies behind the stove. Describing the feet as Dirt Sheets trophies implies that Sheets is also extremely proud of the action he took. This metaphor successfully induces a nauseous feeling within the reader thus creating a small amount of horror. In The Bodysnatcher the author includes two main characters, both of which are very complex. Fettes is first introduced at the very beginning of the story. Through description, he comes across as a mysterious man, who everyone knows by physical appearance, yet have no idea of the man he really is. had grown to be an adopted townsman. His blue camlet cloak was a local antiquity, like the church spire. This simile shows how integrated Fettes is with the town of Debenham, the church spire is part of the community, and I believe this quote shows just how accepted he is amongst his neighbours. In this statement, we are told of Fettes being recognised by his regular adornments. However, the following quote shows how little they actually know about him, we had no knowledge of his character and previous antecedents. I believe that this is a contradiction of what has previously been mentioned in the story. come rain or snow or frost, we four would be each planted in his own particular arm-chair. This quote suggests a close relationship between the four friends. Why wouldnt Fettes tell his closest friends about his past? This immediately evokes a feeling of fear within the reader, what exactly has Fettes done? The way in which the narrator speaks about Fettes also encourages the reader to think that he has been involved in something impure. We called him the Doctor, for he was supposed to have some special knowledge of medicine The way the townspeople nickname Fettes the Doctor, automatically produces an uneasy feeling within the reader. Dr Macfarlane is the second main character in this story. R. L Stevenson chooses to describe Macfarlane as totally contrasting to Fettes. The author intends Fettes to be perceived as a slow drunken old man, in a state of melancholy alcoholic saturation. Doctor Macfarlane however was alert and vigorous had an energetic countenance. and He was richly dressed This immediately brings about an image in the mind of the reader, one in which Macfarlane is completely the opposite of Fettes. Not only is Fettes a contrast to Macfarlane, he is also completely contrasting to his past self, as we find out later in the book. he was in those days well favoured, and pleased in his exterior. The fact that this quote points out Fettes used to be well favoured implies that an event occurred to change the opinion of those around him. made a dart like a serpent This simile encourages the reader to think that Macfarlane is evil. As snakes often symbolise evil, R. L Stevenson cleverly evokes a feeling of unease, therefore horror is created. When Fettes is first told that Macfarlane is in the town, he reacts strangely, as if recognising the name, and repeated the name Macfarlane twice, quietly enough the first time, but with sudden emotion the second This quote implies that Fettes has a past with Macfarlane, the fact that he spoke Macfarlanes name with sudden emotion makes the audience think about what evoked that feeling, what has happened between the two? This is a clever technique used by R. L Stevenson in which a strong feeling of tension is the product. Another contrast between Fettes and Macfarlane is the way in which they handle the events which unfold. At the beginning, when Fettes suspicions about how the bodies were provided in ample amount were first confirmed, he was haunted by his conscience, by nights of roaring blackguardly enjoyment; and when that balance had been struck, the organ that he called his conscience declared itself content. Simply meaning that Fettes drank himself into a stupor to escape his guilt, and only when had that been accomplished, could he try and forget about the vile dealings hed just been involved in. Macfarlane on the other hand appears to be calm and confident about the whole situation. if youre a lion, youll live and drive a horse like me When Macfarlane makes this statement to Fettes, it is a clear message that Fettes must be confident as well to survive the ordeal. R. L Stevensons excellent use of animal comparison produces a successful atmosphere full of tension and mystery, the very basis of a horror story. There are however psychological elements in this story, many creating the essential fear needed for a good horror story. A horrible sense of blackness and the treachery of fate seized hold upon the soul of the unhappy student. This fantastic quote shows just how plagued by guilt Fettes actually is. The full extent of his self-doubt is realised and the style of horror created is very effective. Mr K, a certain extramural teacher of anatomy gives the story a sense of fear due to the fact the character is based upon Dr Knox, the employer of Burke and Hare. His name was subsequently too well known skulked through the streets of Edinburgh in disguise, while the mob that applauded at the execution of Burke called loudly for the blood of his employer. As many people want this character dead, an instant sense of horror is obvious to the audience. The factual references in this story add to the well structured plot, bringing a sense of realism to the book, enhancing the fear. R. L Stevensons intention is for Macfarlane to be the stronger willed of the two main characters. However at one particular point of the story it becomes apparent that there is one other who is stronger, the only man that can control Macfarlane. This character is Gray. The cut of his features gave a promise of intellect and refinement upon further acquaintance, course, vulgar and stupid Why would a man such as this have a tight hold over Macfarlane? This is the question raised in the mind of the audience when reading this section of the story. This is an accomplishment in itself for the author as the uneasy sensations, and fear become greater. Who exactly is Gray? Is he the evil in the book? These points encourage the reader to find out exactly who this man is by continuing with the story. Grays return at the end of the story after supposedly being dissected, Richardson can have the head. This creates an overwhelming feeling within the reader. How? Is the question raised in the mind of the audience and it fails to be answered. This alone leaves the reader thinking about the twist to the story long after they have finished reading it and I believe this is the key technique in creating a successful horror story. As with Annie Proulxs story, R. L Stevenson lets the audience know what genre the story is going to be almost immediately. When the first characters are introduced, an undertaker is among them. He is simply referred to as the undertaker and this intentional use of language cleverly incorporates the theme of horror from the start. Annie Proulx uses an entirely different approach when writing her characters into the plot. Dirt Sheets, a cross-eyed drinker of hair oil is the main character of The Blood Bay. Just by the name, the reader receives an image of a dirty looking man. Proulx then goes on to describe that he has, no socks and curl-toe boots cracked and holed. This description in my opinion does not create much of a feeling of fear or mystery and only leaves the audience with a clear image of what this man looks like. However, the character of Dirt Sheets is somewhat different, Ill cut em off and thaw em after supper. This attitude toward the dead cowboy found on Powder Rivers bitter west bank is one of complete lack of respect. Or could it be that the cowpuncher does what he has to do to get by? As Dirt Sheets has no suitable footwear to brave the elements of the high plains then maybe this is the case. However, Proulx does cleverly use the character to produce fear. The fact that Sheets is willing to saw off another mans legs for shoes, leaves the audience wondering what else he would do. Old Man Grice is in my opinion the only other important character in The Blood Bay The first impression of Grice is of a friendly good natured old man, Come on in, puncher or rustler, I dont care. It is my opinion though, that as a first impression in a horror story, this is not successful in creating the atmosphere that is needed. Old Man Grices reaction to his horse apparently eating Sheets is one of complete lack of caring, Theres a bad start to the day, is what Grice says. As the reader, I found this reaction humorous, sick as the joke may be, and the fear that is essential for a successful horror story fails to be delivered. Secretly he was pleased to his own horse with the sand to eat a raw cowboy. This quote succeeds in delivering more emotion. As Grice is happy about the horse eating a human, we can see that he does have another side to his personality. One of horror and as the reader becomes aware of this; the horror genre in The Blood Bay begins to take shape. However it is most unfortunate that this is at the end of the story. The other two cowpunchers do show a side of their character, a cunning side in which they manage to con Old Man Grice out of forty gold dollars and three and four bits The two cowpunchers are well aware of the fact that their friend, Dirt Sheets, is very much alive, and after they leave Grices shack to meet up with Sheets they never mention the small fortune theyve just taken from Grice. When they saw Sheets but said nothing about blood bays or forty-three dollars and four bits. The arithmetic stood comfortable. As the two cowpunchers cant even tell their friend the truth, it leaves the reader wondering what kind of people these men are. Overall, the characters in this story did nothing to create the fearful and tense atmosphere required for a successful horror story, but instead transformed an uneventful anecdote into a farce consisting of black comedy. Throughout The Bodysnatcher the reader is well aware that the narrator is always a step ahead. The omniscient story teller knows the entire plot, and this detail leaves the audience wondering just who the narrator is. How does he/she know the story? R. L Stevenson uses both subtle and obvious approaches to inform the reader what is going on and this technique is very successful in creating his own style of horror story. Proulxs approach at interacting with the reader is very forward and leaves no after thought in the mind of the audience. Where as in The Body Snatcher the reader is left wondering just how the body of the dead and long-dissected Gray managed to resurrect itself. The ending of The Blood Bay is so abrupt that the reader can barely remember the events which have occurred previously!! It is my opinion that the moral behind The Bodysnatcher was that you cannot escape from your conscience. The fact that Gray was resurrected is the guilty conscience of both parties finally becoming too much for either to handle. Fettes, the long time sufferer of guilt tips over the edge as his mind gets the better of him. Macfarlane, the character in the story who always seemed so confidant, Seemingly Macfarlane was affected in the same direction The full extent of Macfarlanes actions suddenly catch up with him and the body of Gray is what I believe to be the guilt of both these characters following them. At the beginning of the story when Fettes and Macfarlane meet again, Macfarlane seems eager to make something up to him. We must do something for you Fettes. Blatantly ignoring his own and Fettes horrific past. Have you seen it again? The great, rich London doctor cried out This quote shows that Macfarlane is still haunted by his past therefore the confidant countenance he projected in his youth seems to have been permanently scarred by the events which took place. This is the skill required when writing a story, being able to make youre audience think further than the words you have written down. R. L Stevenson has this skill; the cliff-hanger ends the story in a very emotional scene thick with tension and fear. Proulx however does not allow her audience to think deeper into the plot of The Blood Bay. The words on the page are all the reader can go by and in a horror story; this style of writing isnt successful at all. In conclusion, I believe The Bodysnatcher to be a much better horror story than The Blood Bay simply because R. L Stevensons book contains a raw talent of horror story writing. His book is actually scary; at some points in the plot the emotions are so intense for the characters that they are palpable for the reader as well. Proulxs attempt contains humor of a kind that does not belong in a horror themed story. The fact that I laughed at certain descriptions completely contradicts the purpose of horror.

How to solve your biggest challenges in talent acquisition

How to solve your biggest challenges in talent acquisition As an HR professional, you know that one of the most challenging parts of your job is making sure you have the right talent in the right roles. It’s also one of the most important parts of staffing and talent acquisition. Let’s look at some of the biggest hurdles recruiters face and how to address them.How do you attract the best people?In this market, you’re likely to get tons of applications for every job opening- but does the quantity reflect the quality? If you want to ensure that you’re getting good bites, then it’s crucial to put a lot of care and effort up front into the first steps. That means crafting a specific, dynamic job description, to make sure you’re getting people with a specific pool of qualifications. The more you refine the job description, the less chance you’ll get people who don’t even come close to the position’s needs.It also means making an effort to make sure that your public-facing info is both up-to-date and appealing. That means tuning up your social media presence, as well as making sure your company website is appealing as well. Think of those college brochures that inevitably have stock photo groups of happy, smiling students walking through crisp autumn trees, or gathering on a lush, green quad to study. Those work because they create a welcoming image for potential students, one that says, â€Å"Hmm, I can see myself fitting in there.†Another way to attract top talent is to make the application process friendlier, so the applicant feels like an individual or customer- not just a faceless drone feeding documents into the automated void. A human touch goes a long way in the acquisition of top talent, and a more welcoming approach helps applicants see themselves as part of the team.How do you get a candidate with multiple offers to choose you?For top talent, it’s likely that they’re also seeing other recruiters or are in the process of interviewin g with other companies as well. Or, even more cringeworthy from the recruiter’s standpoint, they’re using your offer as leverage at their current job. Everyone wants to get the rose, Bachelor-style, but more than that, you want the recruiting investment of time and resources to result in a great new hire.hbspt.cta.load(2785852, '9e52c197-5b5b-45e6-af34-d56403f973c5', {});There’s only so much you can do to directly sway someone who’s entertaining multiple opportunities- but you can take steps to sweeten the deal along the way. According to LinkedIn, one of the deciding factors can be the interview, with candidates choosing the one that not only went well, but also felt the most comfortable. That doesn’t necessarily mean going full tech start-up on the process (everyone sits on yoga balls while drinking artisan cappuccinos!), but rather making sure that the candidate feels welcome and valued during the process.Remember what I said before about a huma n touch? That applies here as well. If a candidate sits alone in a lobby for a while, then is hustled through an interview and then back out the door, it’s not the best experience- even if the interview was successful. It’s a customer service mindset. The more you can make an interview a dialogue rather than an interrogation, the more comfort and engagement you’re likely to get from the candidate.Throughout the whole process, make sure you’re communicating with the candidate. If they receive radio silence from your company, then they may think that this job is unlikely to pan out, or feel frustrated by the lack of information.What if you’ll settle for nothing less than The Perfect Candidate?Sometimes the hiring manager has a very specific image in mind for what he or she wants for the position, and nothing else will do. Have you ever seen an issue where refusing to compromise made things better and easier? No? I haven’t, either. If youâ€⠄¢re finding that you’re letting good candidates go because they’re not perfect, or you’re not finding that perfect unicorn candidate in the available talent pool, it may be time to have a heart-to-heart with the hiring manager and see if there’s any wiggle room on the job description or qualifications. It could be that an awesome candidate falls a bit short in one area, while having huge potential for success in the role.Communication with the hiring manager is key here. Before you take the job description and send it out into the wild, talk with the hiring manager to make sure you’re clear on their expectations and priorities, and that they’re clear on yours as well. If you’re skeptical that you can find a Swedish-speaking electrical engineer with expertise in both project management and social media, let the hiring manager know up front. If you have data that shows how few multilingual electrical engineer-project manager-Twitter gu rus there are out there looking for jobs right now, use that to help manage expectations. If you match up the job needs with the realities of the talent pool, you and the hiring manager will increase your chances of finding a great- if not perfect- match.How do you make sure you’re tapping into the right talent pools?This is where data is a very helpful tool in refining your recruitment and attraction strategies. Recruitment marketing software can help you create metrics like the number of resumes received from a particular kind of outreach, costs invested, and the number of hires made from particular sources. With that data, you can start to target your searches to the spots that yield the highest-quality candidates. If you’re getting the best results through a particular outreach method, you can concentrate on that avenue.Also, don’t be afraid to think outside the usual channels. If you think of it as a talent search more so than a â€Å"let’s fill thi s open position fast† search, and reach out to potential candidates on social media or other platforms rather than work with only the people who submit applications, you can help broaden the candidate pool.How do you get hiring managers to provide feedback in a timely way?Hiring managers are usually reviewing resumes, doing interviews, etc., as part of their regular jobs. As a result, things can get lost in the shuffle, get delayed, or get deprioritized as day-to-day work gets in the way. This is not great if you have candidates on the line, waiting for information (or a job offer). What you can do to make this process easier on the hiring managers (and you) is find ways to automate this feedback process a bit. Create an online survey or an email template and send it to the hiring manager as soon as an interview is over. It’s a gentle reminder to get feedback in on a timely basis, and it also encourages the hiring manager to write impressions while the information is st ill fresh. Then they get to move on, you get to keep the process moving, and (ideally!) you’ve found a great candidate for the job.Recruiting challenges will always be there, as long as there are humans filling jobs. But there are things you can do to make your life a little easier, and help ensure that you’re attracting, identifying, and locking down the best people to join your team.

Recent large earthquakes in Chile, Haiti, and Japan Essay

Recent large earthquakes in Chile, Haiti, and Japan - Essay Example Earthquakes mainly occur in countries harboring coastal oceanic shores, more predominantly in Asia continent. The region is called ring of fire where arc of earthquakes and volcanic zones stretch at pacific more than 90% of earthquake occurs. The word tsunami comes from a Japanese word meaning harbor wave, literary translated as oceanic gravity waves produced by sub-marine earthquakes or caused by geological processes such as volcanic eruptions and landslides. Tsunamis arise due to subduction occurring underwater resulting to huge raptures raising sea beds to some meters away displacing a huge cubic of waters in coastal areas. The tsunami waves are usually smaller in deep oceans but its impact is felt in harbors and coastal areas thus being catastrophic, in other places it is known as tidal waves or Seismic sea waves (Lee p.437). 2.0. Geology of Chile (2010), Haiti (2010) and Japan (2011) Earthquakes. Chile is among the seismically located countries in the world, facing approximately 8 events after 10 years. The most recent earthquake occurred in 27th February 2010 (Fig 1), it did release energy that had accumulated since the last subduction earthquake in 1835. Figure 1 Chile’s earthquake of 2010 Source: http://www.earthquake-pictures.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/2010 Chile is located in subduction zones along the coast of the Pacific Ocean similar to Japan. It has three well differentiated Seismically zones; thrust earthquakes of larger magnitude at shallow depths along the coast, larger quakes due to larger magnitude as a result of tensional and compressed subducted Nazza plates, and shallow Seismicity in the outer rise (Jiron p2). The earthquake of magnitude 8.8 lasted between 110 and 180 seconds in which rupture started at the hypocenter and spread bilaterally northwards of Pichilemu and kilometers towards the Peninsula, comprising a length of about 450 km long and average slip of about 10-12 cm, destroying all things on the way (Jiron p.16). Haiti is one of the Caribbean countries; on 12th January 2010 an earthquake (Fig. 2) of about 7.0 magnitudes lower than Chile 2010 earthquake occurred in the country. Figure 2 Haiti’s earthquake of 2010. Source: http://www.earthquake-pictures.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/H The quake occurred when tectonic plate of Caribbean shifted approximately 20 millimeters in relation to the North American plate. The cause of the quake was rapture of Ennquillo plantain garden fault, which for about 250 years had locked it. The place where the quake occurred is highly seismic and was recorded historically as a place of destruction earthquake (Farmer p.54). There was an aftershocks of about 4-5 magnitude which occurred after the main quake. Japan is located in a region that faces quakes each and every year; it lies on a region that is baptized ring of fire where an arc of earthquake and volcanic zones stretch at pacific. The earthquake occurred in 2011; it was measured to have a magnitude of a bout 8.9 which is large compared to both Haiti 2010 and Chile 2010 earthquakes (Fig. 3) it was followed by nuclear crisis in one of its plants (Nanto p.1). Fig. 3 Japan earthquake 2011 Source: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/japan/8375788/Japan-earthquake-what-causes-them.html The earthquake led to a further 23 foot tsunami and 50 more

Textual Commentary on Black Souls in White Skins in I Write What I Literature review

Textual Commentary on Black Souls in White Skins in I Write What I Like by Steve Biko - Literature review Example Biko’s philosophical message corresponds with black theology as it was heavily themed with encouraging Blacks to depend on themselves rather than White liberals to successfully fight apartheid.3 In this regard, liberalism in the context of apartheid, South Africa refers to advocates for freedom from coercion, discrimination and oppression and equal access to political, social, educational, health and economic opportunities.4 Kee argues that Black Consciousness’s philosophy was founded on Black theology which proposes that God will not solve our problems.5 Biko’s Black Souls in White Skins embodies the concept of self-help as captured by the Black Consciousness Movement and black theology which is a Christian expression and rejection of oppression as experienced by Blacks.6 From Biko’s perspective, White liberalism could not capture this experience and in attempting to do so, White liberals perpetuated the notion that Whites were superior to Blacks and coul d speak for and on behalf of Blacks.7 Initially President of the South Africa Student Organization (SASO) the movement that organized the Black Consciousness Movement, Biko subsequently became SASO’s Publications’ chairman. The SASO organized programmes which involved training and studies in a number of subjects such as economics, theology, poetry, aesthetics, culture and politics. The programmes resulted in publications which included Biko’s column, I Write What I Like published under Frank Talk and appeared in SASO’s Newsletter in 1970.8 Black Souls in White Skins was Biko’s first article in his column I Write What I Like.9 Black Souls is a parody of French writer Frantz Fanon’s Black Skin White Masks. Where Fanon challenged the utility and authenticity of Blacks identifying with Whites, Biko challenged the utility and authenticity of Whites identifying with Blacks.10 As was characteristic of the Black Consciousness Movement, Biko’s Black Souls targeted the motives of the White liberals whom he called â€Å"people who say that they have black souls wrapped up in white skins.†11 Biko questioned the authenticity of their claim that they sympathized with the â€Å"black struggles† against apartheid.12 In challenging this claim, Biko immediately draws attention to fact that it is questionable whether or not White liberals can speak as an authority for Blacks and what bothers him even more is that Black people have enabled White liberals by actually believing them â€Å"for so long†.13 Biko’s Black Souls reads as a rejection of White liberal â€Å"patronage† in that Biko took exception to the idea that Whites could pass judgement on who qualified as worthy Blacks and what could be good for worthy Blacks. Biko observed that the White liberals lead a campaign that was entirely artificial in nature in that it merely forecasted a convenient type of integration that favoured White supr emacy under apartheid. According to Biko, the White liberals’ efforts were marked by artificial integration which White organizations dominated and ended up with â€Å"Whites doing all the talking and the blacks listening.†14 Biko’s Black Souls therefore adopts Black theological thinking in that he expresses the view that Blacks are also complicit in their oppression and that it is a sin to sit back and accept the situations on the premise that Blacks are innocent victims of apartheid. Black theology takes the position

Treatment of wastewater for reuse purposes Research Paper

Treatment of wastewater for reuse purposes - Research Paper Example Wastewater can be filter and treated to be from all of the containments or some of the containments. Wastewater can be utilized in many applications. Wastewater can be utilized in the agriculture in both the treated and untreated forms. Untreated wastewater is rich is macro nutrients and thus the crops easily in untreated wastewater but it is not environmentally safe as it posses danger to the biodiversity of region. The chemical in the untreated wastewater can easily enter into the food chain and thus can harm the human life. Treated wastewater is not only goof for the plants but also for the environment. Wastewater can also be utilized for the industrial purposes. It can be utilized to cool down the internal combustion engines that generate power in the power plants and to reduce the temperature of the steam in the steam turbine generators. Introduction The increase in the population of the world proposed many problems. One of the major problems is the shortening in the supply of p ortable water. The fresh water sources are depleting as the population is increasing. On the other hand, the natural hydrologic cycle is much affected by the impact of human activity. One way to reduce the burden on the fresh water resources is to reuse the wastewater after treating it and then utilizing it for various purposes. The process of treating the wastewater not only makes the water safe of the biological environment but also for the industrial purposes. Today, an average home consumes as much water in a month that our ancestors have used in years. The modern water utility habits in urban regions made some parts of the world to remain in the water stressed regions. Most of the rivers in the world are unable to reach the oceans due to the heavy human burden on the rivers. Water reuse is the only key to reduce the impact on the portable water resources in the world. There are several techniques to treat the waste water. All the evolved processes have different economic aspect s. The basic sewerage wastewater treatment system ascorbic digestion method consumes less energy and utilizes the natural biotic microorganisms to make the water safe for the environment. How in order to attain the drinkable quality, it undergoes different other steps like the disinfection, sedimentation filtration, filtration, etc. The water quality is considered to be environmentally safe after ascorbic digestion and can be used for the irrigation purposes. The water quality produced thus is rich in nutrients that are made during the breakdown of the sewage wastes and thus good for the agriculture (Drechsel, Scott, Raschid-Sally, Redwood & Bahri, 2009). In urban localities this type of water is safe after disinfection it and removing slug from it. This water is safe for drinking after undergoing different processes but most people prefer not to take this water as the primary drinkable water. It is most utilized to flush the toilets and for laundry purposes (Tchobanoglous & Burton, 2003). Water treatment can be 100 percent efficient or more than 100 percent. It means that the

Strategies for Entrepreneurship and Change Management

Strategies for Entrepreneurship and Change Management Raama Gabionza Entrepreneurship takes an important role in innovation. It is an agent of change. It involves creating new products, services, technologies, and businesses. It is about economic development and generating wealth for investors. It is also about developing business to address social problems and environmental issues. In the world of health, entrepreneurship also play a vital role. It corresponds with the revolution and changes in the state of health of the population and of the society. Like for an example, our world today suffers from distinct inevitable crisis like epidemiologic incidences and other uncommon situations affecting health of the economy. It is a threat to the population that could shake the health of every individual thus will lead to high rates in morbidity and mortality. Early detection and treatment of these illnesses or diseases are vital ways to decrease its incidences as well as morbidity and mortality rates. Invention and creation of medical treatment and therapi es as well as immunizations could lessen the possibility of acquiring the ailment. These interventions are brought by entrepreneurship which is an agent of change to both private and public health sectors. It provides interventions that are more developed, new, updated and better. It also provides more effective and efficient procedures, surgeries, and any other ways of treating specific threats to health. Entrepreneurship is essential in any situation as it could help in promoting and improving the well-being of the person and of the society as the whole. However, entrepreneurship may not always be successful as what anyone may think of it. There are major criticisms against entrepreneurship within the public and private health and social care sector. One example of this is the fear of change. People are afraid to change as it may be less effective and could lead to failure. They are afraid to loss their expertise and can’t adopt to the change. Like in surgeries, when new type of procedure is introduced, medical practitioners are afraid to change their usual practice into new procedure as it may cause danger and hazard both to the patient and the practitioners themselves. Another criticism against entrepreneurship is the quest for profits. People might think that the only reason why new services are being introduced because entrepreneurs always think about gaining profit. There could be uncertainty of services. People might doubt whether the service is really essential and necessary or not. They might feel that their ignorance are being taken for granted by the entrepreneurs presenting and introducing the new product or services. In addition, consumers may need to be aware that not all entrepreneurs are profit oriented. Entrepreneurs can be classified as either business entrepreneur or social entrepreneur. To clearly understand the difference between the two types of entrepreneurs, Abu-Saifan (2012), identified their unique characteristics. To start with, business entrepreneurs or the so called the profit oriented are characterized as the value creator. They provide value of the commodity or product and services being introduced. While social entrepreneurs or the non-profit, are social value creator. They provide what is beneficial to the society not for the benefit of their pockets. As for being a leader, they are opinion leaders. They consider the opinion of the society before they introduce the new product or services. They are also like the managers. They first look for the problems before they fix. Like for an example in the case of diabetes, they first assess the situation. They look for the cause of pr oblem and focus on repairing them before moving on to the treatment itself. They assess what could be the cause of the problem, may it be the diet of the person or their genetics or other factors. They see the problems first before they put things right. Unlike the business entrepreneur, they will just fix what is needed to be fixed. They often miss to foresee what is really the reason and cause of the problem. This is why they are characterized as the organizer. They just organize things. They are also strategic thinkers that they choose what strategy is best for them not considering the opinion of the population or of the society. They only aim for the best of their profit and interest. They focus on their goals and on what they wanted to reach. They are high achievers. They are the exact opposite of social entrepreneurs. Social entrepreneurs focus on their mission for the change beneficial to the society not for their pocket or to gain profit and interest which business entrepren eurs do. Moreover, in entrepreneurship, there are three strategies presented by Chin Benne, (1969) as general strategies effecting changes in human systems. These strategies could be helpful for the management in choosing who to employ to their organization considering changes as inevitable. This could also be helpful to the organization on how to manage and how to present or introduce changes to its people. The first strategy is the empirical or rational. In this strategy, people can be persuaded to change based on communication of information and by giving and offering them incentives. They have their reasons to comply to change being presented. Successful change is in accordance to logic and reasons that could be beneficial to organization and to the people. The change in this strategy centers on the balance of incentives and risk management. The second strategy is the normative or re-educative. This type of people are those that adhere to cultural norms and values. They normally go with the flow, conforming to what is being practiced, advertised or introduced by the management or by the organization. Redefining the present culture, norms, and values, and making commitments to new ones may initiate people to change. The strategy to encourage these people to change is to consider their culture, beliefs and their ways. People who are normative or re-educative are mostly willing to adapt to change as long as they see that their cultural values are respected and are in favor to the new system or product and services. Third is the power or coercive. In this strategy, the leader or the boss of an organization coerce people to change or to do new things. People are submissive and will do what they are told to do. This type of management is often used when there is a crisis in an organization or institution where change is a must. It could also be used when change should be done as soon as possible or as it is needed. People will usually adhere to change and will just follo w what the leader ought them to do. Furthermore, any type of management strategy may be used by the organization in handling changes. All of those strategies can be helpful in making changes successful but it may also be harmful when it is not properly addressed to the people’s need. Like for an example in the use of power or coercive strategy, it is good to be used in an emergency situations or crisis because according to Chin Benne (1969) it is assumed that people will do what they are told. Like in my own experience working as a health practitioner, there was an instance when our area was affected by typhoon. Some of us who are staying nearby the building of the institution were told by the management to do double shifts at work in order to make up the shifts of other employers who are affected by the typhoon and cannot make it to work. It was an order by the management that we, as an employers are ought to do. Considering the situation and the crisis happening, we have no other choice but to do the double s hifts. It might be shocking to us but we have to do it because it is an emergency and it was the only way that could ease the situation. Another strategy by Chin Benne (1969) is the normative or re-educative wherein people adopt to change when they see that the change conforms to their norms, values and culture. For example, in my home country, most of the people are Roman Catholic. When family planning was introduced in a catholic institution, like the use of contraceptives, not all members of team agree with the change. Roman Catholic are against with contraception. It is important for this people to consider their beliefs specially their religion and culture. In order for the change to be successful, leaders of the institution introducing contraception in the practice of health, addresses the opinions of the members of the team and people. It was agreed to make the change possible by pursuing the use of contraceptives by health education to the people but not forcing every indiv idual to do so or to comply. At least in that way, little by little, the change was made. In change management, there are four segments classified that could be present in an organization or in any group of people. These segments are the campaigners, initiators, opponents, and neutrals. These are important factors that could have direct or indirect effect in the system of change. In order to address properly these expected impact to the system of change, it would be helpful to identify the differences and similarities of these factors and at the same time, it would also help the manager or the leader on how to effectively deal with the different points of view and perspectives of every member of the team. Like for an example the introduction of the use of computer system in the health care facilities instead of the use of older method, paper documentations. People who advertise and advocate the computer system are called the campaigners. They see the new system as beneficial and that they will gain something positive from it. They are enthusiastic about change and they wi ll help to drive the change through. These people facilitate and give support to the trainings and education in order to promote change or the new system. Initiators, are those who would take the first step to change. They can be the creator or the designer. They are the prime movers and the ones who will take action to make the use of computer system possible. They are those who will make the change attainable. In order to initiate change, they educate the team about the computer system being introduced. They also facilitate, support and encourage participation and involvement of the team members to the trainings and teachings in relation to the system of change. On the other hand, some team members might disagree or oppose to the proposed system of change or the use of computer system. They are called as the opponents. They are the antagonists or the activists. They are those who are not convinced for the need of change and don’t see any justification for change. Education, negotiation and sometimes coercion are the effective way to communicate to these group of people. The fourth segment identified in change management is the neutral. Neutrals are the unbiased ones. They belong to neither side of the proposed change. They just go with the flow to change or not to change. It would be helpful communicate to these group of people by setting them what is really the vision of change, why it would be beneficial to change or not to change. They should also be involved to trainings and support groups in order for them to have a clear understanding of the change being introduced and for them to have an individualized decision as a member of the team. References: Abu-Saifan, S. (2012). Social Entrepreneurship: Definition and Boundaries. Technology Innovation Management Review, February 2013:22-27 Barton, J. (1991). Defining Entrepreneurship. Retrieved on 20 February 2015 from file:///C:/Users/raama.gabionza/Downloads/artikkeli_2.pdf Di-Masi, P. (n.d). Defining Entrepreneurship. Retrieved on 22 February 2015 from http://www.gdrc.org/icm/micro/define-micro.html Nickols, F. (2010). Four Change Management Strategies. Retrieved on 26 February 2015 from http://www.nickols.us/four_strategies.pdf Rouse, M. (n.d). Change Management. Retrieved on 25 February 2015 from http://searchcio.techtarget.com/definition/change-management Rubin, D. (2013). What is Entrepreneurship? Retrieved on 22 February 2015 from http://pinchot.edu/what-is-entrepreneurship/

A View From the Bridge - Arthur Miller :: English Literature

A VIEW FROM THE BRIDGE We have been studying 'A view from the Bridge' which has been written by Arthur Miller. This is the story of Eddie Carbone who is an Italian American who lives with his wife Beatrice and niece Catherine, When Beatrice's cousins Marco and Rodolpho, seek refuge as illegal immigrants from Sicily, Eddie agrees to give them shelter. Catherine falls in love with Rodolpho, which creates trouble. Eddie's jealousy culminates in an unforgivable crime against his family and the Italian community. In this scene I will analyse how Eddie tries to complain to Marco about Rodolpho going out and coming home late at night with Catherine. Eddie is jealous and he thinks that Rodolpho is trying to make a move on his beloved niece Catherine. While Beatrice was trying to stand up for Catherine, Eddie tries to make a point to Marco about not letting Rodolpho to go out a lot, especially with Catherine. While Eddie is reading his paper, Catherine gets up, puts the record on the phonograph and asks Rodolpho to dance. As Catherine, asks Rodolpho to dance, Eddie freezes and with respect towards Eddie Rodolpho does not accept the dance. Beatrice persuades Rodolpho to go a head. Rodolpho rises stiffely, feeling Eddie's eyes on his back and they dance. Marco then tells everyone that, that Rodolpho can cook. Eddie gets surprised. Then Eddie asks Marco and Rodolpho if they want to go and see a real fight. Catherine goes to make coffee. Eddie then insists Rodolpho to learn a boxing move from him. But then Eddie crosses the limit by punching Rodolpho on the face. Marco gets up and Catherine rushes in to see what had happen. Marco gets angry and then performs the chair lifting towards Eddie. We learn a lot about the characters in this scene. In this scene they show a lot of tension. We learn a lot about Immigrants, how they have to stay out of sight, the difference between legal and illegal immigrants, we also learn about Eddie's jealousy, Catherine and Rodolpho's relationship, Beatrice's support and Marco's chair lifting scene. Eddie shows us that he is a family man about when he is always supporting the family by earning the money, selfish about Catherine and Rodolpho's relationship as if he wanted to be the only man in Catherine's life and over protective for Catherine. Catherine is a kind, young and modern girl of her generation. Beatrice is a kind, caring and supportive person towards Catherine and Eddie, Marco is a family man, sensible and determined to earn a living in America and to earn money for his family back in Sicily and as for Rodolpho, he is A View From the Bridge - Arthur Miller :: English Literature A VIEW FROM THE BRIDGE We have been studying 'A view from the Bridge' which has been written by Arthur Miller. This is the story of Eddie Carbone who is an Italian American who lives with his wife Beatrice and niece Catherine, When Beatrice's cousins Marco and Rodolpho, seek refuge as illegal immigrants from Sicily, Eddie agrees to give them shelter. Catherine falls in love with Rodolpho, which creates trouble. Eddie's jealousy culminates in an unforgivable crime against his family and the Italian community. In this scene I will analyse how Eddie tries to complain to Marco about Rodolpho going out and coming home late at night with Catherine. Eddie is jealous and he thinks that Rodolpho is trying to make a move on his beloved niece Catherine. While Beatrice was trying to stand up for Catherine, Eddie tries to make a point to Marco about not letting Rodolpho to go out a lot, especially with Catherine. While Eddie is reading his paper, Catherine gets up, puts the record on the phonograph and asks Rodolpho to dance. As Catherine, asks Rodolpho to dance, Eddie freezes and with respect towards Eddie Rodolpho does not accept the dance. Beatrice persuades Rodolpho to go a head. Rodolpho rises stiffely, feeling Eddie's eyes on his back and they dance. Marco then tells everyone that, that Rodolpho can cook. Eddie gets surprised. Then Eddie asks Marco and Rodolpho if they want to go and see a real fight. Catherine goes to make coffee. Eddie then insists Rodolpho to learn a boxing move from him. But then Eddie crosses the limit by punching Rodolpho on the face. Marco gets up and Catherine rushes in to see what had happen. Marco gets angry and then performs the chair lifting towards Eddie. We learn a lot about the characters in this scene. In this scene they show a lot of tension. We learn a lot about Immigrants, how they have to stay out of sight, the difference between legal and illegal immigrants, we also learn about Eddie's jealousy, Catherine and Rodolpho's relationship, Beatrice's support and Marco's chair lifting scene. Eddie shows us that he is a family man about when he is always supporting the family by earning the money, selfish about Catherine and Rodolpho's relationship as if he wanted to be the only man in Catherine's life and over protective for Catherine. Catherine is a kind, young and modern girl of her generation. Beatrice is a kind, caring and supportive person towards Catherine and Eddie, Marco is a family man, sensible and determined to earn a living in America and to earn money for his family back in Sicily and as for Rodolpho, he is

Assigned Seating Essay

Would you want an assign seat for everyday you sit at lunch or would want to be able to choose for yourself? In our country we have always had a freedom of choice. The topic the I am going to discuss with you is wether or not you should have assign seats during lunch. Many middle school and high school students disagree on having assign seats. Many agree with it because it is a chance to make new friends or interact with someone you usually do not. I do not think that assign seating is the best way to have lunch when we need sometime to socialize,relax and talk with your friends. For one thing, students will most likely be comfortable when they are next to people they know already. 100% of sample students polled from a local middle school stating that they were in favor of having no assign seating in the cafeteria. After all,it is quite logical that kids will feel more comfortable when they are not fretting about other things. Also, having no assign seating prepares students for the real world. Letting students choose where and with whom they are seated in school prepares them for the future, where they will have to make responsible decisions based on what is best for them, which is one of schools main ideals, or at least should be. In addition, allowing freedom can give them a chance to interact with others. For example, if you had assign seating in your cafeteria you would have to sit next to the same person everyday and you would not be able to talk or interact with different people. Also, there was a kid that was in school that had assign seating and everyday at lunch he go bullied by a kid that was in his table, and because of that he tried to kill himself. Thousands of schools participate in this program and it was successful but not in the school that this poor kid went to. Finally, having the freedom to sit where you like can give you more time to eat. For example, if there is someone in your assign seat and your not the kind of person to get in trouble, you would have to stand there and wait until they move which can take a while and it takes time away from eating and relaxing. One time there was a kid that wanted to eat lunch when someone was in his seat and they did not move, so so the kid had to wait until the other boy moved from his seat and that took up his whole lunch break and he ended up not eating at all. Having assign seating with someone you dislike or do not get along with could end up in an argument or even worse, a fight. Some of the benefits of having assign seating are that kids will not continually wander around the cafeteria looking for a seat, and chocking back tears when no one would let them join a table. Also, the cafeteria would not become ground zero for gossip, bullying, and fighting. If we had assign seats there are many different advantages concerning the stop of bullying, fighting , and arguing. Now, should kids be able to chose there own seats? if they sit in school for 7 hours and do 2-3 hours of homework per night, and even have projects for the weekends, will they also refuse kids from sitting where they like in lunch? To me , assign seating is a definite no, and I strongly disagree with anyone who says that they agree with it.

British tourists Essay Example

British tourists Essay Example British tourists Essay British tourists Essay Considering the reports detailed above there seems little indication that matters will improve in either the immediate or relatively long term future. Because of its geographical position between Europe, the Near East and Africa Cyprus has always been and will always be in the midst of some very diverse influences, from those of the ancient Phoenicians and Assyrians onwards. Nowadays these influences are in the main those of Greece and Turkey and so of orthodox Christianity and Islam, but also of different political systems, in particular in the new 21st century this includes both the United Nations and the European community.The occupants of the island have adapted and co-operated with various external forces in the past and, if they wish to live at peace, and at the same time retain their own cultural identity as Cypriots, whether of Greek or Turkish origin and at the same time achieve economic success then some compromises must be made. It seems obvious perhaps to those not closely involved that there ought to be an end to the present divide if the island is to achieve its greatest potential.The Turkish Cypriot parliament is now long established. Surely it is time that this fact were officially recognized, both by islanders on both sides and by concerned outsiders such as the European Parliament. This would then at least enable both sides to communicate and cooperate as the equals they ought to be. The difficulty seems to be in convincing the islanders, and perhaps particularly the Greek Cypriot members of the community of this truth.As well as arable products such as citrus fruits of various kinds, vegetables, barley, grapes, olives, and olive oil and poultry, pork, lamb and dairy products such as cheese covering. Farming such products takes only about 11% of the island however as much of it is mountainous and of course there are large urban settlements, especially near the coasts. There is also tourism, and the sale of homes to retired people from other countries, as the island has a year round pleasant climate.This is one aspect that is negatively affected by the current situation and the occasional flare ups of violence. Few will want to invest in a place which is likely to become the center of conflict. On April 12th 2009 however the only aggressive behavior reported by the Cyprus News was the action of time-share touts who resort to hassling guests and tourists, even inside high class hotels along the Paphos waterfront , so desperate are they to ensure new business.They are venturing into the hotels and harassing guests, it’s become out of hand, according to Nassos Hadjigeorgiou, tourist manager for the island’s Paphos regional board of tourism. So bad is the harassment that some visitors have left and vowed not to return according to the report in the Cyprus News. Tourism is important to the island economy and ought to be encouraged. The problem is not with either tourism or the time share industry, but with the ways in which they are being promoted.So serious is the situation, even this early in the year that an emergency meeting for discussion of the situation was held at Paphos Town hall. As well as Mr Hadjigeorgiou, also in attendance were Themis Philipides, President of the Paphos branch of the Cyprus Hotels Association, also the assistant Divisional Police Commander, the town’s mayor and members of other concerned official bodies. It was reported that all the companies involved, who had already been asked to cease this aggressive means of trying to gain business, were British owned and aimed their methods at British tourists.Because of the general financial downturn this target audience was less likely than in earlier times to have the financial means to take up offers or were reluctant to do so and the salesmen were getting increasingly desperate for sales. Visitors are being advised to report any incidents to the local police. As well as visitors with their money to spend there are also a variety of natural resources as listed in the CIA World Factbook Cypriot page.Copper, pyrites, asbestos, gypsum, timber, salt, marble, clay earth pigment’, some of these having been exploited since the earliest times – Cyprus taking its name from Copper, but nowadays known locally as Kypriaki Dimokratia or Kibris Cumhuriyeti. Industrial products include food and beverage processing, the production of cement and gypsum, the refurbishment and repair of ships in coastal towns, but also the creation of textiles, as well as light chemicals and metal products together with clay products, wood, paper and stone although 71% of the employed population work in service industries.A portion of these industries and resources are of course in the north and so are unable to be traded at their full potential as the area’s government is not offici ally recognized by the European Union, even though a group of members of the European Parliament are in negotiation with the leadership there, but meanwhile the two sides do not even share national holidays Independence Day, 1 October ( 1960) is celebrated by Greek Cypriots but Turkish Cypriots in the north hold to 15 November (1983) as their Independence Day

Changes of Heart Play Summary essays

Changes of Heart Play Summary essays Changes of Heart: A costume interpretation Changes of Heart reflects the irony and surprises of love in an entertaining story about broken hearts and new interests. The period of the play is set in the early eighteen hundreds and deals with the temptations of love compared to the temptations of money and material wealth. The costume design, although not as extravagant as many larger plays, was able to convey the theme of the production, as well as different feelings and dimensions of the characters. When the first scene begins, a young girl, later known as Silvia, sits in the middle of the floor picking daisies and smiling attentively. She is wearing a modest white dress and apron, signifying that she is a peasant or commoner. This attire, especially the color, becomes a symbol of innocence and naivet throughout the production. The innocence that Silvia exudes is quickly ripped away when the Princes servant Trivelin takes her from her familiar village and transports her to the Princes castle filled with wealthy lords and ladies. The green jacket and pants that Trivelin wears fits nicely with the theme of wealth and superficiality of the people who live in the castle. Among the other characters of wealth in the castle is Lisette, a women far too preoccupied with looks to even notice that her superficiality is an annoyance to everyone she meets. Her dress is supposed to be one of stature and importance, but because of her fake intentions, she comes off looking more like a two-dollar hooker than anything else. Her bright tacky orange ensemble is more than anyone can bear. She paints her face in matching orange, and dots beauty marks all over her face and busting bosom to appear more attractive to the prince. The irony here is that the simple dress and natural beauty of Silvia is what the prince most likes about her. Silvias boyfriend and love Harlequin steps onto the scene with a heavy plaid jacket,...

Working with Adults Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Working with Adults - Case Study Example Erickson tells us that the review of one's life helps the elderly person to increase their well being by looking at the conflicts in their life and comparing them to past experience. He felt this was the stage in life in which the task was to look back and try to integrate the feelings and memories of the past into the present. Sometimes this is a difficult task but if the person is able to do this they will be able to deal with the negative experiences they have had and turn them into integrity and wisdom. May is seventy two years old which would put her in Erickson's's eighth stage of life or that of maturity. She had many conflicts and challenges. She raised three children, two boys and a girl in a small town. She had some difficulty relating to them when they were young and she sees little of them now. She developed breast cancer a couple of years ago and had surgery and chemotherapy. Her tests are now negative. She lives alone, has very little income, and has no transportation. May has many things to deal with to come to the point of coherence in her lifetime. She will need to reflect back on her time with her children and be able to determine in her own right whether the conflicts she had could have been changed or were they just what had to happen at that time in her life.

The economic benefits of Sustainability Reports Dissertation

The economic benefits of Sustainability Reports - Dissertation Example The procedure is termed as sustainability report. This feature is developed and used extensively in order for companies to strike a balance between them, the society and the environment (GRI, 2012). The people, planet, and profit are the three elements which are considered while studying the elements of sustainability report. Emphasis is given to the stakeholders rather than the shareholders as they are the ones who are mostly directly or indirectly influenced by the activities or the action of any company. The sustainability reporting provides a platform for communication between the company and the stakeholders. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the use, importance, barriers and the economic benefits of using the sustainability report by a company in the daily practice. This allows the society to understand and judge how well an organization or a company is performing. The need of the hour is to make sustainability report a mandate and common practice to benchmark performance. Sustainability reporting – application within organizations Sustainability refers to the ability of maintaining an outcome over time without causing an ecological imbalance or exhausting the resources on which the result would depend. There are various theories and models of sustainability which are studied and considered. Some of them are the economic, ecological, political models etc (Jenkins, 2009). Sustainability reporting enables a company to communicate openly, positively and effectively with its stakeholders. This is crucial for maintaining and meeting the financial goal or the profitability of the company. The stakeholders, on the basis of the reports, can compare and analyze the performance of the company with others and to check on their own performance. Those organizations, which succeed in tailoring their communication with the stakeholders, to present a detailed analysis can convince them as to the fact that their company is working in tandem with the social, economic and environmental practices for long term growth. The success lies in a clear understanding of the true values of reporting and the issues associated with the making and execution of the sustainability reporting (KPMG, 2008). The management and the senior officers want to get the green label for their company, which is self explanatory by itself, that is it would prove that there is perfect alignment in t he company’s sustainability strategy, the environmental impacts and the social implications, as well. Sustainability reporting has now made its place in almost all sectors of business. Three out of Australia’s four largest banks publish annual sustainability reports (KPMG, 2008). Here, the reporting is considered as TBL (triple-bottom-line) business accountability. People, planet, and profit are taken into consideration while evaluating the reporting practices (vivodepot, 2008). Sustainability reporting involves a series of guidelines or a set of rules and regulations to be followed by the companies. As the aim is to deliver in accordance with the social,