Logistical and Value Chain Strategies at Philips

logisticalal and Value Chain Strategies at Philips1.1 IntroductionPhilips is the multinational enterprise that I have chosen for this assignment. Philips is a company originated from Eindhoven, the Netherlands and was instaled in family 1891 by Anton and Gerard Philips (Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V, 2004-2010). Philips begun manufacturing carbon-filament lamps and by the turn of the century, had effect one of the largest producers in Europe (Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V, 2004-2010).In year 1914 to 1945, the in bottom of the inningdescent lamp, and gas discharge lamps proved much efficient in generating light after the apprizes were made, so it has comes show up new products there argon X-ray tube and radio valve (Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V, 2004-2010).Start from 1970 until today, the revolutionary developments much(prenominal) interchangeable the introduction of CD, DVD and Blu-ray Disc show that Philips research has been tied much more fill uply to industrial and business activities (Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V, 2004-2010).Philips besides continue innovating new products such(prenominal) as Ambilight which can brought a new mark to TV viewing and developed Lumiramic which is a groundbreaking new phosphor technology for energy efficient washcloth LEDs (Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V, 2004-2010).Based on Mapsofworld.com (2008), Philips is one of the biggest electronics companies in the world and cognize as market leader in energy saving lighting solutions, medical diagnostic imaging, consumer electronic and another(prenominal)s. Although Philips have comes out many types of electronic products, such like television, radio, MP3 player yet their core product argon lamps. Which means Philips is more expertise or profession in making lamps.1.2 Philips is a Multinational Corporate (MNC)MNC is a company that has home office in one body politic has acts in other countries (W wholly, Minocha and Rees, 2010, pg28) . Besides, company that place their manufacturing, sales, or expediency subsidiaries in more than one foreign country atomic number 18 known as MNC too (Farlex, Inc., 2010).normally MNC pull up stakes develop new products in home country after that effects those products in foreign country such as Third World country in order to gain the trade advantages and economies of tug and materials (Farlex, Inc., 2010). By operate business at foreign country, MNC also sponsor in develop that crabbed country through create wealth, job opportunities, and improve technologies (Farlex, Inc., 2010).Philips is one of the Multinational Corporate (MNC) too. There ar more than 60 countries all over the world are the branches of Philips, including Brazil which is the place that produced equipment (Clarity Digital chemical group LLC d/b/a Examiner.com). The branches of Philips are located in Malaysia, Hong Kong, Thailand, capital of Singapore, Korea and others country.In addition, Philips maint ains the research centre at home country, Netherland because they have the technology and are more expert in innovating and design new products. Philips fit(p) their manufacturer in army country such as mainland china and Thailand, to gain economies of scale by having a cheaper labour make up.1.3 Definition of logisticals Chain and Value ChainAt first I will define what is mean by logisticals fibril and value filament. Logistics set up is split of the supply string of mountains of mountains mental process such as transportation and record control. The logistics activities are repeated many times throughout the melody through which in the raw materials are transforming into stainless goods and consumer value is added (Ballou, R. H., 2004, pg7). Besides, logistic chain defines as the successive steps comprising a logistic-process in a particular industry (WebFinance, Inc., 2010).Whereas, the value chain is the activities that convert raw materials into end goods and creating value at each of the making process (Farlex, Inc., 2010). The primary activities that included in the value chain are inward logistics, operations, outward logistics, marketing and sales, and services (QuickMBA.com, 1999-2010). The secondary activities included in the value chain are firm infrastructure, human resource precaution, technological development and purchasing (QuickMBA.com, 1999-2010).The primary activities of value chain play an important role in the whole value chain, because the activities are start from getting raw materials and then through manufacture and process it to become a absolute goods, then prepare to transmit to customer and the last step is after sales service such like warranty. The secondary activities are supporting the primary activities, such as procurement means purchase raw materials to play the inbound logistics. Besides, logistics chain is the process that control the flow of stocks and storage of finished products, and also sent t he finished products from tear of origin to the point of consumption to meet customer requirements (Ballou, R. H., 2004, pg4). Thus the logistic chain and value chain are so important for a company.2. Logistical and Value Chain Strategies2.1 Logistical StrategiesLogistics are the activities that including materials cookment and dispersion. The materials wariness activity help Philips plan how to control their inventory level in the most in effect(p) slipway and do not keep too many inventories which can add salute to the logistics activity. The manakin of logistical strategy that can manage the inventory of a company is Inventory instruction software package (SAP). For the distribution activity, Philips can choose what transportation modes that is most suitable use in deliver the finished products from warehouse to distribution centres and lastly to customer. The example of logistic strategy that can help to manage the distribution activity is by outsourcing to the third p arty logistics. Logistics strategy of a company is to define the most cost effective of the service levels that perform by the logistics organization of the company (About.com, a part of The New York times Company, 2010). Besides, the logistic strategies can give competitive advantage and help to specific product lines, specific countries or specific customers (About.com, a part of The New York Times Company, 2010).By the way, Philips does have implemented few logistic strategies in its abroad operations. For example, the host country of Philips which is Philips Malaysia has implemented few logistical strategies, there are source logistics to third party logistics and adopt Inventory Management software. The grounds that Philips Malaysia implements logistic strategy is to adapt to the flexibleness of supply chain by make changes to organization to provide a best service levels (About. com, a part of The New York Times Company, 2010).2.2 Value Chain StrategiesValue chain is same as value-adding activities which are transform inputs into outputs, then add to the bottom line and leading to competitive advantage (WebFinance, Inc., 2010). The inbound logistics activities are materials handling, wareho apply and inventory control of raw materials, operations are the processes such as packaging, assembly and machining, outbound logistics activities are delivery vehicle operation, scheduling and order processing (QuickMBA.com, 1999-2010). Besides, the secondary activities of value chain such as technology is an important source of competitive advantage, because company need to innovate to reduce cost and sustain competitive advantage , technology that were include are occupation technology, internet marketing activities, customer relationship guidance and so on (Marketing Teacher Ltd., 2010).The value chain strategy can take away many benefits to a company. Those benefits are gain economies of scale, improved information, reduce cost of production and so on (Go vernment of Alberta, 2008-2010). The value chain strategies implemented by Philips on its overseas operations are outsourcing value chain activity to China, common venture with China and move all factories to Thailand.3. Philips Logistical and Value Chain Strategies3.1 Logistic strategies that implemented by Philips Malaysia company3.1.1 Outsource logistics activity to third party logisticsThe third party logistics define as the activity of outsourcing activities which related to Logistics and Distribution (Logistics List, 2005-2010). From the logistic view, third party acts as the parties that help other company to transport products to retailers (Logistics List, 2005-2010). Philips in Malaysia does have outsourced their distribution activities to third party logistic, such as NST Logistic Company. Thats mean Philips Malaysia do not have to take part in the process which is sending products to retailers from their manufacture manufactory. NST Logistic Company job is getting the products from manufacture factory of Philips Malaysia and deliver those products to retailers and customers of Philips Malaysia.The reason that Philips Malaysia decided to outsource logistics activities to third party logistic is to reduce capital, which mean minimizing the level of investment in the logistics system and maximising the return on logistics assets (Ballou, R. H., 2004, pg36). For example, by outsourcing logistics activities, Philips Malaysia do not have to own or rent a warehouse to investment company finish products that prepare deliver to customers because NST Logistic Company will help to store finish products and deliver to customer of Philips Malaysia. Another reason is Philips Malaysia found that NST Logistics Company is more expert in logistic activities. For example, NST Logistics Company manages more than 100,000 sq ft of warehouse space through its subsidiary Smart depot Service and also sub contracted trucks ranging from 1 ton box trucks to 20 tons conta iners (NST LOGISTICS SDN BHD, 2008).With the expertise, Philips Malaysia can ensure their customers have receive a best logistic services.3.1.2 Adopt the SAP Inventory Management SoftwareSAP is known as System Application Products, which creates a common centralised database for all the applications running in a company (EzineArticles.com, 2010). Philips Malaysia is adopting SAP Inventory Management software helps in manage their inventories such as raw materials and finished products. The functions of SAP Inventory Management software are track record and track materials on the basis of both measuring rod and value (SAP). With the software, the warehouse workers can track the quantity and value of materials, perform physical inventory, and optimize warehouse resources (SAP). For example, the warehouse workers can plan, enter, and document warehouse and inner(a) stock movements by managing goods receipts and issues, storage, physical stock transfers and so on (SAP).Philips Malay sia implement the inventory forethought software is because they found that their warehouse management are not efficient. For instance, the inventory holding cost is high. Those inventory holding cost are capital cost, service cost and storage cost (WebFinance, Inc., 2010). Philips Malaysia needs to digest the costs of stock management, the raw materials, and insurance.3.2 Value chain strategies that implemented by Philips Company3.2.1 OutsourcingOutsourcing means subcontracting a part of activity to a third party company to perform, although that activity could otherwise be performed by in-house workers (Hinzie Media Inc., 2008-2010). Normally a company decided to outsource virtually(a) of the production activity is referable to some reason such like lack of expertise, cost effectiveness and competitive advantage.Philips does have outsourced their value chain activity to China. Philips decided to not make the gear lamps by themselves and choose to buy the gear lamps components from China. This is because Philips found that if make the gear lamps by themselves, it would more costly. For example, in the inbound logistic activity of Philips, Philips buys components which are known as gear lamps from China and use on assemble process and finally comes out a finished product such like lamps.The reasons that Philips outsources gear lamps to China are due to the political environment, stinting environment and technological environment. For the political environment, because there is no political happen in China such as inflation, so the operating cost wont be high (Wall, Minocha and Rees, 2010, pg134). In the economic aspect, due to the large population in China, Philips believed that the consumer purchasing power over there will be high. Besides, on the technological aspect China are more expert in making gear lamps analyze to others country.3.2.2 Joint- Venture with ChinaPhilips articulatio venture in China since 1985 and now Philips hold 23 joint ventures and wholly owned enterprise with employing 14000 quite a little nationwide (Hangzhou Jiaoyu science and Technology Co., Ltd, 2005-2009). For example, Philips-Shanghai Yaming Lighting Co., Ltd in China is a joint-venture with Philips Lighting, Netherlands (Focus Technology Co., Ltd., 2010). The Energy Saving Lamp is manufacture by the joint venture corporate betwixt Philips, Netherlands and China.The reason that Philips joint venture with China is because in China their labour cost will be lower than in Netherlands. This is because China has a large population, so there are many people can work, and the salary of worker will be cheaper. Whereas, in Netherlands, the population are much lesser than China, and people over there are not willing to work in factory some more they require a high paid salary. Another reason is build a factory in Netherlands was too costly compare to China. other(a) than that, the infrastructure in China is so convenient. So that, Philips decided to joint venture with China, by operate their manufacturing with China corporate.3.2.3 Move all factories to ThailandPhilips decided close all the lamps manufacturing factory in Malaysia and Singapore, and shift to Thailand. Philips Thailand is the corporate that supplying lighting to Asia Pacific, such as Philips Malaysia and Philips Singapore (SIAM FUTURE DEVELOPMENT PLC., 1999-2004). Philips Thailand core activity is foc utilise in manufacturing and selling lamps (SIAM FUTURE DEVELOPMENT PLC., 1999-2004).The reason that Philips moves all lamps manufacturing factory to Thailand is due to the geographical location of Thailand. Since that Thailand is situated in a good location, which is close to Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong and others Asia Pacific. So, its very convenient for Malaysia and Singapore to order inventory from Philips Thailand. For instance, Philips Thailand can deliver inventory to Philips Malaysia by using truck or ship. Another reason is, by centralize all the lamps manufa cturing factory to Thailand, it can help Philips to gain the economies of scale. The economies of scale define as the increasing efficiencies of the production of goods as the number of goods being produced increases and the median(a) costs of producing a good will lower as each additional good is produced (Learnthat.com, 1998-2004). another(prenominal) advantages that can obtain after centralize lamps production in Thailand are maximizing production capacity, improvement to a constant product quality, and improve order and delivery lead time to the respective country.4. Recommendations subsequently found out all the logistical and value chain strategies that implemented by Philips on its overseas operations currently, I would like to suggest some changes that might be require to its logistical and value chain strategies over the next few years.Firstly, the value chain strategies used by Philips are outsourcing and joint venture with China companies. In view of economic issue nowa days, Chinas economy environment keep on improving at a very fast pace and also getting more and more vibrant. So that, in the next few orgasm years you will realize that the cost of operation will be getting more and more expensive. For instance, workers demand for higher wages and more benefits. Other than that, the values of properties in China also keep on rising and double up, such as the prices of land and factories.In order to solve this problem, I would like to recommend Philips to reduce the number of production centres in China, which means reduce the number of manufacturing factories in China. By this way, Philips can cut down the cost of operating and achieving the economies of scale in production. With the reducing numbers of operating factories, automatically the cost of workers and costs of management will be decrease too. Besides, Philips can also think of manufacturing more high-end products in China, such as the Philips LED lamps. With this high value products, it can helps to cover the rising workers costs that would going to be see in years to come. Moving the operations to another country is not a good solution, because China has a large domestic market, moving out meaning losing that market.Actually there is a risk to centralize all the factories in Thailand. As we know, Thailand is facing an liquid political environment now. It is forecast that the unstable political environment of Thailand would prolong and it will take the operation of Philips Thailand in the next few coming years.Hence, Philips can think of shift the manufacturing factories in Thailand to either Vietnam or Myanmar. The reason is because Myanmar and Vietnam are neighbor countries of Thailand. two the countries are just situated nearby Thailand. It would not be a big impact in terms of geographical location. Firstly we talk about Vietnam, for the past ten years, Vietnam has an open trade insurance policy which encouraged foreign direct investment (FDI) to their co untry. At the same time, infrastructures in Vietnam are keeping on improving too. Vietnam is not lacking of human resources as well such as technical workers, management teams and etc. The political situation in Myanmar is continues to improve and investment environment also getting bust and better, so Philips can consider to move manufacturing branch to Myanmar as well.5. ConclusionIn conclusion, Philips as a multinational corporate realizes that the logistics chain and value chain activities are so important for the whole logistic and supply chain management. The logistic and value chain activities are the whole processes of transform raw materials into finished goods then distribute to warehouses and finally deliver the finished products from the point of origin to the point of consumption. For example, from all the dinky component parts such as gear lamps go through the manufacturing process and finally become finished goods known as lamp.In order to let the logistic and value chain activities run smoothly, Philips have implemented few logistical strategy and value chain strategy in the host country such as Philips Malaysia, Philips Thailand, and China. Philips Malaysia has outsourced the logistics activities to third party logistics which provide the transportation and warehouse services. Besides, Philips Malaysia are using SAP inventory management software to management their warehouse activities. Other than that, Philips had decided to buy the components parts from China rather than make it by own. Other than outsourcing to China, Philips does have joint venture with China corporate. Philips also centralized all the lamps manufacturing factories in Thailand.Although Philips had implemented the logistical and value chain strategies in the overseas operations, but there are some external factors that can affect the operations of Philips corporate. Those external factors are such like political issue, economy issue, technological issue and etc. So, Phili ps need to have some changes on the current logistical and value chain strategies.Lastly, Philips should always get ready to face the changes that might affect the current logistical and value chain strategies by find out the most suitable ways to overcome the problem.